ABSTRACT
Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma is an unusual disease and most commonly occurs in stomach but can involve any part of gastrointestinal tract from esophagus to rectum. Primary colorectal lymphoma is a very rare entity and accounts for 6-12% of gastrointestinal lymphoma. Historically, aggressive B-cell lymphomas have been the most common gastrointestinal lymphoma reported in the literature. Most patients with primary colorectal lymphoma present with abdominal pain but obstruction is unusual. Although the lesions may be evident on radiographic studies but the findings are generally nonspecific and definitive diagnosis relies on histopathological analysis. We present a case of 10 year old girl presented with lower abdominal pain, diarrhea and increased frequency of urine for the last one month. Her ultrasonography showed a mass in left iliac fossa. Barium enema examination and abdomino-pelvic CT scan revealed a presacral mass which on histopathology toned out to be a B cell lymphoma. The mass was surgically removed and chemotherapy was planned
ABSTRACT
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is ranked as third most cause of death from cancer in world
Objective: The objective of this study was to review predisposing factors among patients with Hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] at a tertiary care centre in past two years
Material and Methods: This Descriptive study was conducted on patients who had proven HCC by histopathology or tumor marker were reviewed retrospectively and data for January 2009 to December 2010 was included. Demographic features were noted and positivity for hepatitis serology, presence of cirrhosis, level of alpha-fetoprotein, tumour size and distribution of liver lesions were noted
Results: A total of 192 patients were found to have histopathology and tumor marker proven HCC. Males were 149 [77.6%] vs females 43 [22.4%]. Hepatitis B surface antigen was noted to be positive in 27[14%] patients, and HCV was found to be positive in 138 [72%] patients. Patients with dual hepatitis [HBV+HCV] were 16 [08%] and in remaining 11 [06%] patients the etiology was unknown. Alpha fetoprotein level was highly elevated in 154 [84%] and Cirrhosis was noted in 134 [70%] patients. 117 [61%] patients had multicentric distribution
Conclusion: Hepatocellular carcinoma in this area, is related to hepatitis C virus infection in majority of the patients. A large number have underlying cirrhosis, multicentric and advanced disease at presentation. The disease is seen in the 5th and 6th decade and predominantly among males
ABSTRACT
To determine the frequency of diabetes mellitus and to assess the level of awareness about diabetes amongst persons attending a free health camp in cultural festival of Rahim Yar Khan. Cross sectional observational study. Three days free health camp arranged in a cultural festival in Rahim Yar Khan. Over all frequency of type II diabetes was 19.38% and the frequency of diabetes increased both in men and women with increasing age [p<0.001]. Newly diagnosed subjects were 6.77% and these do not know that they were suffering from diabetes. 18.92% subjects were having glucose intolerance and 61.70% subjects were having random blood glucose level within normal limits. Diabetes was correctly defined by 57% subjects and this was significantly associated with educational level, suffering from the disease and presence of disease amongst family members. 14.62% gave history of presence of disease in their families. As compared to females, males were more suffering from disease and these were consuming more foods and snacks than females [p<.0.01]. High frequency of diabetes mellitus was observed amongst the study population. This may be due to health consciousness and higher level of educational status in the subjects who participated. Emphasis on health education and preventive strategies are needed to increase public awareness and early detection of high risk groups and risk factors of this common disease in our country. The lifestyle behaviors and environmental factors are strong modifiers of diabetes The life style changes and interventions in early age may prove to be more effective than interventions done at a later stage